EXHIBITION 


hb 


OF 

TILES 


• PENNSYLVANIA  MUSEUM 
MEMORIAL  HALL,  FAIRMOUNT  PARK 
PHILADELPHIA 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2016  with  funding  from 
Getty  Research  Institute 


https://archive.org/details/exhibitionoftileOOpenn_O 


19-  Saracenic  Tin  Enameled  and  Lustered  Tile 
Thirteenth  Century 
From  Northwestern  Persia 


EXHIBITION 


OF 

TILES 


PENNSYLVANIA  MUSEUM 
MEMORIAL  HALL,  FAIRMOUNT  PARK 
PHILADELPHIA 
1915 


TILES 


ILES  for  roofing,  paving  and  mural  decora- 
tion have  been  used  from  a very  early  pe- 
riod. The  building  bricks  of  Babylonia 
were  frequently  glazed  with  glass  and  not 
with  tin,  as  stated  by  the  early  writers. 
Pieces  of  opaque,  colored  glass  cut  into  thin  slabs, 
were  used  by  the  Romans  for  insertion  in  walls  and 
mosaic  work.  Earthenware  tiles  of  considerable  size, 
glazed  with  tin  and  decorated  in  colors  and  luster 
were  employed  by  the  Saracens  in  the  interior  decora- 
tion of  buildings.  Flat  tiles  in  the  forms  of  eight- 
pointed  stars  and  four-armed  crosses  were  extensively 
used,  which  were  embellished  with  plant  and  animal 
motives  in  luster.  Examples  dating  from  the  thir- 
teenth century  have  been  found  in  large  numbers  in 
Persia.  A tile  of  this  character  bearing  the  date  1121 
is  known.  The  native  Persian  potters  from  that  time 
on  ornamented  their  mosques  and  other  structures 
with  tiles  of  various  sorts  frequently  having  enrich- 
ments in  luster.  At  a later  period  the  ornamentation 
was  painted  in  blue  or  in  bright  colors.  The  latter 
style  was  copied  by  the  peoples  of  the  Mediterranean 
area,  notably  at  Damascus,  in  Turkey  and  Asia  Minor. 

For  several  centuries  Spain  has  been  pre-eminently 
a country  of  tile-making.  In  the  fourteenth  and  fif- 
teenth centuries  much  of  the  tile-work  in  some  of  the 
provinces  was  Moorish,  or  showed  Saracenic  influence 
in  the  shapes,  in  the  stanniferous  enamel  with  which 
it  was  coated  and  in  the  luster  decoration.  Previous 
to  the  fourteenth  century,  inlaid  tile-work,  in  the 
Moresque  style,  was  being  extensively  produced. 

3 


About  the  sixteenth  century  two  new  styles  were  orig- 
inated by  the  Spanish  tile-makers,  known  as  the 
cuerda  seca  and  the  cuenca.  The  former  consisted  in 
the  imitation  of  inlaid  strapwork  or  mosaic  designs  by 
the  use  of  enamels  of  different  colors  on  a solid  sur- 
face. The  second  process  consisted  in  stamping  the 
design  in  the  clay,  the  outlines  being  in  relief,  and  in 
filling  the  depressions  with  glass  glazes  of  various  tints. 
Seville  was  the  principal  seat  of  the  manufacture,  but 
tile-works  sprang  up  in  many  parts  of  the  country, 
where  vast  quantities  of  tiles  of  many  kinds  were 
produced  for  interior  and  exterior  decoration.  Since 
the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  century  painted  tiles, 
with  designs  covering  large  surfaces,  have  been  an 
important  manufacture. 

From  Spain  the  use  of  tin  enamel  rapidly  spread 
to  other  European  countries,  particularly  Italy,  Hol- 
land, Mexico  and  England.  In  Italy  the  Spanish 
methods  and  styles  were  closely  followed  in  the  fabri- 
cation of  wall  and  paving  tiles.  In  Germany  and 
Switzerland  tin  enameled  tiles  were  extensively  used 
in  the  construction  of  earthenware  stoves.  At  Puebla, 
Mexico  the  manufacture  of  maiolica  tiles  reached 
large  proportions  in  the  seventeenth  and  eighteenth 
centuries. 

The  manufacture  of  decorative  tiles  was  not  seri- 
ously attempted  in  the  United  States  until  after  the 
Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876,  although  numerous 
experiments  in  this  direction  had  been  previously  made. 
On  the  other  hand  earthenware  roofing  tiles  were 
produced  to  a considerable  extent  in  eastern  Pennsyl- 
vania through  the  eighteenth  century.  These  were 
evidently  made  at  first  by  workmen  who  came  from 
Germany,  being  similar  to  the  tiles  which  abound  in 
that  country,  and  were  a little  later  produced  by  native 
American  potters.  They  are  variously  known  as  flat 
tiles,  Germanic,  and  Beaver  Tail,  being  about  fifteen 


4 


inches  in  length,  and  six  inches  in  width,  of  unglazed 
red  clay,  with  a nib  at  the  upper  part  of  the  under 
side  for  hanging  on  rafters.  An  illustrated  article 
“On  the  Older  Forms  of  Terra-Cotta  Roofing  Tiles”, 
by  Prof.  Edward  S.  Morse,  in  the  Essex  Institute 
Bulletin,  1892,  treats  this  subject  in  an  exhaustive 
manner. 

The  Museum  collection  will  serve  to  convey  a 
fair  idea  of  the  principal  styles  of  tiles  which  have 
been  produced  in  various  parts  of  the  world  at  different 
periods.  The  exhibit  includes  a large  series  of  maiolica 
tiles  collected  in  Mexico,  and  some  large  panels  of 
modern  Spanish,  Russian  and  American  tiles,  in  great 
variety  of  design  and  treatment,  the  majority  of  which 
were  first  shown  at  the  Centennial  Exhibition. 

Edwin  AtLee  Barber 


5 


BABYLONIAN 


1.  BRICK  (Fragment) 

Dimensions,  2 by  2y2  inches 
Pottery  with  glass  glaze  of  greenish  tint. 

From  Nippur,  Babylonia,  about  500  B.  C. 

EGYPTIAN 

2.  WALL  FRESCOES  (Fragments) 

A flat  surface  of  dried  mud  containing  cut  straw, 
covered  with  a thin  coating  of  white  clay  on 
which  the  designs  were  painted,  the  colors  being 
white,  dark  red  and  dark  olive  green. 

ROMAN 

3.  MOSAIC  PANEL 

Length,  49jG  inches.  Height,  29)4  inches 
Picture  of  mounted  warriors,  in  stone  and  glass 
mosaic. 

Found  in  a villa  belonging  formerly  to  the  family 
of  Prince  Drago,  twelve  miles  from  Rome. 

Given  by  Mr.  Thomas  Hockley. 

Museum  No.  ’03-33. 

4.  MOSAIC  PANEL 

Dimensions,  18j4  by  12  inches 
Picture  formed  of  small  stone  tesserae  of  different 
colors.  The  subject  is  supposed  to  be  the  trans- 
formation of  stones  into  men  and  women,  as 
illustrating  the  Greek  myth  of  Deucalion  and 
Pyrrha.  Museum  No.  1040 

5.  MOSAIC  PANEL 

Dimensions,  18p2  by  12  inches 
A companion  to  preceding,  the  subject  being 
Amphictyon,  son  of  Deucalion,  admonishing. 

Museum  No.  1041 


6 


6.  TESSERAE  (5) 

From  a tesselated  stone  pavement. 

Ancient  Roman. 

Given  by  Mr.  Henry  Phillips,  Jr. 

Museum  No.  ’88-193 

7.  MOSAIC  (Fragment) 

Composed  of  small  tesserae,  or  cubes  of  stone. 
From  the  Baths  of  Caracalla,  Rome. 

Given  by  Mr.  Charles  E.  Dana. 

Museum  No.  ’08-13 


8.  FRESCO  (Fragment) 

With  animal  painted  in  colors. 

From  the  Forum,  Rome,  Italy. 

Given  by  Mrs.  John  Williams  Patten. 

Museum  No.  GO-3 


9.  BRICK 

Burned  clay;  stamped  with  large  circular  inscribed 
seal. 

Ancient  Rome. 

Given  by  Mr.  Charles  E.  Dana. 

Museum  No.  ’08-16 


10.  BRICK  (Fragment) 

Burned  clay ; stamped  with  circular  seal. 

Ancient  Rome. 

Given  by  Mr.  Charles  E.  Dana. 

Museum  No.  ’08-15 

11.  BRICK  (Fragment) 

Burned  clay  ; stamped  with  name,  CVIFFIG. 
Ancient  Rome. 

Given  by  Mr.  Charles  E.  Dana. 

Museum  No.  ’08-14 

12.  TIDES  (Fragments) 

Pieces  of  glass  of  various  colors  and  patterns  cut 
into  thin  slices  for  insertion  in  walls  and  in  mosaic 
work. 

Roman,  first  to  fifth  centuries  A.  D. 


7 


SARACENIC 


13.  ARCHITECTURAL  TILE 

Dimensions,  10  by  10J4  inches 
Covered  with  tin  enamel.  Decoration  in  relief, 
including  part  of  a bold  inscription  in  dark  blue  on 
an  arabesque  ground  of  luster.  The  frame  work 
at  two  sides  is  decorated  in  relief,  in  pale  turquoise 
green,  on  a luster  ground.  The  end  tile  from  a 
frieze. 

Persia,  thirteenth  century. 

John  T.  Morris  Collection. 

Museum  No.  103-J. 

14.  ARCHITECTURAL  TILE 

Length,  15  inches.  Width,  9 inches 
Similar  in  style  to  preceding  and  of  the  same 
period. 

John  T.  Morris  Collection. 

Museum  No.  118-J. 

15.  ARCHITECTURAL  TILE 

Dimensions,  14  by  13^4  inches 
Covered  with  tin  enamel.  Relief  inscription  in 
white  enamel  on  dark  blue  ground. 

Persia,  thirteenth  century. 

John  T.  Morris  Collection. 

Museum  No.  117-J. 

16.  ARCHITECTURAL  CORNER  TILE 

Length,  8j4  inches;  width,  6j4  inches 
Recessed  design  covered  with  black,  white  and  light 
green  tin  enamel. 

Persia,  thirteenth  century. 

John  T.  Morris  Collection.  Museum  No.  100-J 

17.  ARCHITECTURAL  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Length,  14 J4  inches ; width,  8 inches 
Slightly  curved  at  base.  Inscription  in  relief  cov- 
ered with  white  tin  enamel,  outlined  with  brown,  on 
a ground  of  deep  blue  enamel,  through  the  centre  of 

8 


ly.  Tin  Enameled  Tile  Panel 
Saracenic,  Thirteenth  Century 


18.  Tin  Enameled  Frieze  Tile 
Saracenic,  Thirteenth  Century 


which  runs  a narrow  band  of  pale  green  enamel  con- 
taining in  relief  a mock  inscription  in  turquoise  blue. 
The  design  is  heightened  with  touches  of  red  and 
yellow. 

Persia,  thirteenth  century. 

John  T.  Morris  Collection.  Museum  No.  106-J 

18.  ARCHITECTURAL  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  14  by  1 inches 
Covered  with  tin  enamel.  Decoration  in  relief,  in- 
cluding part  of  -an  inscription,  the  characters  being 
enameled  in  blue,  surrounded  by  a luster  ground  with 
floral  and  bird  designs  reserved  in  white.  The  end 
tile  from  a frieze. 

Persia,  thirteenth  century. 

John  T.  Morris  Collection.  Museum  No.  105-J 

19.  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  12 by  \2l/2  inches 
In  form  of  an  eight-pointed  (Moslem)  star.  Of 
Arab-Mongolian  type,  covered  with  white  stannifer- 
ous enamel  and  painted  in  luster. 

The  luster  is  identical  with  that  which  is  found  on 
the  Hispano-Moresque  pottery  of  Spain.  It  is  of 
brownish  yellow  tone,  but  when  viewed  at  an  angle 
changes  to  bluish  violet,  of  the  same  quality  as  that 
of  the  madreperla  lusters  of  Valencia. 

These  star-shaped  tiles  were  made  under  Saracenic 
influence  in  Persia,  modified  to  some  extent  by  the 
introduction  of  Mongolian  technique,  as  shown  in 
the  painting  of  human  figures  of  the  broad  Mon- 
golian face  type. 

The  inscription  which  extends  around  the  margin 
has  been  translated  by  Prof.  A.  V.  Williams  Jack- 
son,  of  Columbia  University,  New  York,  with  the 
help  of  Dr.  Yohannan.  It  is  written  in  very  poor 
Persian  and  parts  of  it  have  been  obliterated  by  the 
wearing  away  of  the  decoration.  So  far  as  the  origi- 
nal lettering  is  legible,  the  inscription  is  as  follows : 


TO 


20,  21.  Glass  Glazed  Tiles 
Persia,  Thirteenth  Century 


23.  Glass  Glazed  Mosaic  Design 
Kashi  Work 

Persia,  Thirteenth  Century 


“Wherever  she  be  * * * the  friends  are  as  many 
as  the  stars 

Those  beloved  ones  of  the  happy  time  * * * 

Cast  out  into  the  world*  * * 

In  the  world  there  is  no  more  hope  left  for  me, 
And  in  my  soul  no  love  for  the  world  is  left. 

* * * happiness  was  the  portion  of  my  heart, 
And  that  is  no  longer  left  * * * creator  of  the 
world.” 

This  tile  is  from  Veramin,  and  is  probably  of  the 
latter  half  of  the  thirteenth  century.  (See  Frontis- 
piece.) TO-1 

PERSIAN 

20.  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  5^4  by  4ys  inches 
In  form  of  an  equilateral  triangle,  covered  with  glass 
glaze,  in  the  usual  Persian  manner.  The  decoration 
consists  of  an  embossed  conventional  floral  and  leaf 
design  in  lapis  lazuli  blue,  black,  and  white. 

From  Ardebil,  Persia,  thirteenth  centurv. 

Gift  of  Dr.  S.  Weir  Mitchell. 

Museum  No.  '83-49 

21.  TILE  (Fragment) 

Similar  to  the  preceding  in  style  and  treatment,  but 
of  different  shape  and  pattern  (illustrated). 

From  the  “Blue  Mosque,”  Tabriz,  Persia,  thir- 
teenth century. 

Gift  of  Dr.  S.  Weir  Mitchell. 

Museum  No.  ’83-50 

22.  TILE  (Fragment) 

Similar  to  preceding  in  style  and  treatment. 

From  the  “Blue  Mosque,”  Tabriz,  Persia,  thir- 
teenth century. 

Gift  of  Dr.  S.  Weir  Mitchell. 

Museum  No.  '81-3 


12 


23.  MOSAIC  WALL  DESIGN  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  12 by  7%  inches 
Thin  sheets  of  glass  glaze,  black,  turquoise  blue, 
white  and  brownish  yellow  cut  into  shape  and  ap- 
plied to  a flat  surface  of  lime  mortar  forming  a white 
inscription  in  the  black  ground.  This  is  known  as 
Kashi  work,  a style  of  mural  decoration  found  in 
Persia  and  parts  of  India. 

From  the  “Blue  Mosque,”  Tabriz,  Persia,  thir- 
teenth century. 

Gift  of  Dr.  S.  Weir  Mitchell. 

Museum  No.  ’81-2 

24.  TILE  (Fragments) 

Glass  glaze  in  light  blue,  dark  blue  and  brown,  cut 
into  shape  and  faced  on  tesserae  of  lime  mortar. 
Kashi  work. 

From  the  “Blue  Mosque,”  Tabriz,  Persia,  thir- 
teenth century. 

Gift  of  Dr.  S.  Weir  Mitchell. 

Museum  No.  ’81-3 

25.  TILE  (Fragment) 

Dimensions,  5j4  by  4J4  inches 
Covered  with  glass  glaze,  luster  decoration. 

Persia,  sixteenth  century. 

John  T.  Morris  Collection. 

Museum  No.  102-1 

26.  TILE 

Height,  I0}i  inches  ; width,  3j£  inches 
Floral  arabesque  decoration  in  green  and  white  on 
a blue  ground,  covered  with  glass  glaze. 

Persia,  eighteenth  century.  Museum  No.  ’07-45 

EAST  INDIAN 

27.  TILE 

Dimensions,  5j£  by  5j£  inches 
Cross  shape,  red  clay  covered  with  a yellow  lead 
glaze. 

India,  nineteenth  century. 

Gift  of  Dr.  S.  Weir  Mitchell. 


Museum  No.  ’81-4 


28.  TILE 


Dimensions,  6j4  by  6J4  inches 
Square  shape,  red  clay  with  conventional  floral  de- 
sign in  yellow  slip,  glazed  with  lead. 

Hyderabad,  India. 

Given  by  the  British  Government,  1878. 

Museum  No.  ’78-33 

29.  TILE 

Dimensions,  6y2  by  6 J4  inches 
Square  shape,  red  clay,  covered  with  white  slip  and 
painted  with  conventional  flower  in  dark  blue  and 
turquoise,  glazed  with  glass. 

Hyderabad,  India. 

Given  by  the  British  Government,  1878. 

Museum  No.  ’78-35 

30.  TILE 

Dimensions,  7j4  by  7j4  inches 
Square  shape,  red  clay,  covered  with  white  slip  and 
painted  with  a geometrical  design,  consisting  of  four 
eight-pointed  stars,  in  dark  blue  and  turquoise. 
Glazed  with  glass.  Showing  Saracenic  influence  in 
the  decoration. 

Hyderabad,  India. 

Given  by  the  British  Government,  1878. 

Museum  No.  ’78-36 

CHINESE 

31.  TILE,  OR  BRICK 

Length,  \0y2  inches;  width,  5$4  inches 
Hard  paste  porcelain.  White  glaze,  undecorated. 

From  the  Porcelain  Tower,  Nankin,  China,  seven- 
teenth century.  Museum  No.  J-339 

32.  TILE,  OR  BRICK 

Length,  I0y  inches;  width,  5^4  inches 
Companion  to  preceding. 

Museum  No.  M-5 


14 


33.  RIDGE  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Height,  12  inches 

Glazed  Stoneware  finial,  or  ridge  tile,  in  the  form  of 
a Genius  or  Devil. 

Ming  Dynasty  (A.  D.  1368-1643). 

Museum  No.  T 5-203 


33,  34.  Ridge  Tiles,  or  Finials 
China,  Ming  Dynasty 


34.  RIDGE  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Height,  Uy2  inches 

Glazed  Stoneware  finial,  or  ridge  tile,  in  form  of  a 
lion. 

Ming  Dynasty  (A.  D.  1368-1643). 

Museum  No.  T 5-204 


15 


JAPANESE 

35.  PORCELAIN  TILE 

Dimensions,  23  by  8%  inches 
Fan  shape.  Painted  with  figure  scene  in  colors. 
Owari,  Japan. 

From  the  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  ’76-1686 

36.  PORCELAIN  TILE 

Dimensions,  23  by  9 inches 
Fan  shape.  A companion  to  preceding. 

Museum  No.  ’76-1687 

37.  PORCELAIN  PANEL 

Dimensions,  1 7ps  by  lips  inches 
Floral  design  painted  in  blue  underglaze,  by  Tokiyen 
Hansuke  Seta. 

From  the  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.’76-1656 

38.  PORCELAIN  PANEL 

Dimensions,  18  by  lips  inches 
Companion  to  preceding.  Museum  No.  ’76-1657 


TURKISH 


39.  TILE  _ 

Dimensions,  10  by  10  inches 
Square  form,  one  corner  cut  off.  Tin  enameled  pot- 
tery, decorated  with  floral  designs  in  colors. 
Constantinople,  eighteenth  century. 

John  T.  Morris  Collection.  Museum  No.  1 04- J 


SPANISH 

40.  CUENCA  TILE 

Dimensions,  6 by  4j4  inches 
Impressed  design  with  raised  outlines,  enclosing 
brown,  green  and  yellow  glass  glazes.  White  tin 
enamel  ground.  Known  as  the  Cuenca  style.  From 
a frieze. 

Seville,  Spain,  seventeenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’97-781 


6 


41.  MAIOLICA  TILE 


Dimensions,  5 p2  by  4 inches 
Conventional  design  painted  in  colors  on  a white  tin 
enamel  ground. 

Seville,  Spain,  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’08-5 

42.  MAIOLICA  TILE 

Dimensions,  5 by  5 inches 
Painted  decoration  in  colors,  figure  of  a rabbit  in 
centre. 

Spain,  early  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  T2-112 

43.  MAIOLICA  TILE 

Dimensions,  5^4  by  5^4  inches 
Conventional  decoration  painted  in  yellow  and  dark 
blue. 

Spain,  early  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  T2-113 

44.  MAIOLICA  TILE 


45. 


Dimensions,  5p2  by  5p2  inches 
Decorated  with  figure  of  fox  and  foliage,  painted  in 
blue  on  a gray  ground. 

Spain,  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’08-6 

TILE  PANEL 

Dimensions,  51  by  35  inches 
Composed  of  twenty-four  eight-inch  tiles  in  frame, 
decorated  with  conventional  pattern  in  blue,  green, 
pink,  white  and  purple.  Tin  enameled. 

Seville,  Spain. 

From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  76-1207 


46.  TILE  PANEL 

Dimensions,  51  by  35  inches 
Composed  of  twenty-four  eight-inch  tiles  in  frame, 
decorated  with  six  large  conventional  designs  in  yel- 
low, orange  and  purple.  Tin  enameled. 

Seville,  Spain. 

From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No,.  76-1208 


47.  TILE  PANEL 

Dimensions,  34  by  34  inches 
Composed  of  sixteen  seven-inch  tiles  in  frame,  deco- 
rated with  conventional  designs  in  various  patterns 
and  colors.  Tin  enameled. 

Barcelona,  Spain. 

From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  ’76-1216 

48.  ROOFING  TILES  (4) 

Dimensions,  16  by  9 inches 
Soft  pottery  covered  with  soft  glaze  in  single  colors. 
Broadly  grooved  and  tongued  to  fit  together. 

Modern  Barcelona,  Spain. 

From  the  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  ’76-1212 


MEXICAN 

49.  MAIOLICA  TILE 

Dimensions,  8J4  by  8*4  inches 
Square  shape.  Painted  decoration,  a parrot  in  colors, 
yellow  predominating.  Showing  Spanish  influence. 

Made  in  Puebla,  Mexico,  about  1750. 

From  the  faqade  of  an  old  Mexican  church. 

Museum  No.  ’08-569 

50.  MAIOLICA  TILE 

Dimensions,  8j4  by  8^4  inches 
Painted  decoration,  a charging  bull,  in  colors,  yellow 
predominating.  A companion  to  the  preceding  and 
from  the  same  source.  Museum  No.  ’08-646 

51.  TILES  (2) 

Dimensions  4^4  by  4^4  inches 
Decorated  with  figure  of  St.  Michael,  painted  in  yel- 
low, surrounded  by  a ground  of  thick,  dark  blue 
enamel.  From  the  dado  of  the  church  of  San  Miguel, 
Puebla,  Mexico. 

Puebla,  Mexico,  about  1680. 

Museum  Nos.  '06-98,  ’08-518 

18 


52,  53-  Maiolica  Tiles 
Blue  and  White  Decoration 
Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1700 


52.  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  6^4  by  6^4  inches 
Blue  enamel  ground,  figure  of  angel,  with  border  de- 
sign, reserved  in  the  white  tin  enamel.  Showing 
Spanish  influence. 

Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1680. 

Museum  No.  ’08-528 

53.  MAIOLICA  TILES  (30) 

Dimensions,  about  4^4  by  4^4  inches 
The  designs  of  animals,  birds,  men,  etc.,  are  first 
outlined  in  blue,  reserved  in  the  white  tin  enamel 
ground,  and  surrounded  by  dark  blue  enamel  thickly 
applied.  This  crude  style  of  decoration  was  prac- 
ticed in  Mexico  during  the  latter  half  of  the  seven- 
teenth century  and  the  early  part  of  the  eighteenth 
(illustrated) . 

Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1700. 

54.  MAIOLICA  TILES  (65) 

Dimensions,  about  4j4  by  4j4  inches 
The  designs  are  painted  in  thick,  dark  blue  enamel 
on  the  white  tin  enamel  ground  and  stand  up  per- 
ceptibly in  relief.  This  style  of  treatment  was  the 
most  common  during  the  first  century  of  the  industry 
in  Mexico  (illustrated). 

Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1750. 

55.  MAIOLICA  TILES  (27) 

Dimensions  about  4^4  by  4^4  inches 
The  designs  are  painted  in  dark  blue,  but  are  more 
or  less  depressed  beneath  the  surface,  instead  of 
being  in  relief,  an  effect  probably  produced  by  pres- 
sure of  the  brush  into  the  surface  while  still  wet. 
This  is  known  as  the  “tattooed”  style,  in  distinction 
from  the  method  of  applying  the  thick,  viscid  enamel 
with  a full  brush.  In  this  variety  of  decoration  fig- 
ures are  filled  in  with  dots  and  are  usually  sur- 
rounded by  fern-like  foliage  (illustrated). 

Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1700. 


20 


Maiolica  Tiles 

53,  Lower  Pair;  54,  Middle  Pair;  55,  Upper  Pair 
Blue  and  White  Decoration 
Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1750 


56.  MAIOLICA  TILES  (2) 

Dimensions,  4-7/s  by  4 % inches 
Heads  painted  in  heavy  blue  enamel  on  white  tin 
enamel  ground.  In  “tattooed’’  style.  Showing  Aztec 
influence  ( illustrated ) . 

Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1700. 

57.  MAIOLICA  TILES  (7) 

Dimensions,  5%  by  5j4  inches 
Figures  of  men  and  animals  painted  in  flat  blue,  of 
peculiar  technique  on  white  tin  enamel  ground,  all 
from  the  same  factory  and  different  from  the  work 
of  any  other.  Frequently  the  letter  F is  found  among 
the  ornamentation,  and  occasionally  the  figure  of  a 
bee,  which  are  supposed  to  be  the  marks  of  the  deco- 
rators. The  painting  shows  combined  Spanish  and 
Chinese  influences  (illustrated). 

Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1700. 

58.  MAIOLICA  TILES  (100) 

Dimensions,  about  4^4  by  4^4  inches 
The  decorations,  usually  of  a geometrical,  or  con- 
ventional nature,  are  painted  in  colors.  The  work, 
in  design  and  coloring,  strongly  resembles  the  tile 
painting  of  the  Seville  potters  of  the  latter  part  of 
the  eighteenth  century. 

Puebla,  Mexico,  1800-1840. 

ITALIAN 

59.  MAIOLICA  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Height,  liy2  inches;  width,  8^4  inches 
Painted  scene  representing  “The  Deluge.” 

From  Castelli,  Italy,  eighteenth  century. 

Dr.  Robert  H.  Lamborn  Collection. 

Museum  No.  ’03-600 


56.  Maiolica  Tiles 
Blue  and  White  Decoration 
Showing  Aztec  Influence 
Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1700 


59.  Maiolica  Tile  Panel 
Castelli,  Italy 

60.  MAIOLICA  TILE 

Height,  8%  inches  ; width,  7 inches 
Painting  of  the  Virgin. 

From  Castelli,  Italy,  eighteenth  century. 

Bequest  of  Mrs.  Frederic  Graff. 

Museum  No.  ’97-779 

61.  MAIOLICA  TILE  PANEL  (Illustrated) 

Height,  35  inches ; width,  29  inches 
Composed  of  twenty  square  tiles  and  border.  In 
centre  a figure  of  the  Virgin  holding  the  infant 

24 


57-  Maiolica  Tiles 
Blue  and  White  Decoration 
Puebla,  Mexico,  1650-1700 


Christ,  both  crowned.  At  base  a view  of  a town. 
At  left  a group  of  sheep  above  which  is  an  angel 
with  sword,  seated  on  clouds.  At  right  a woman 
kneeling  in  adoration.  The  colors  of  the  painting 
are  blue,  yellow  and  a brick  red  on  white  tin  en- 
amel ground.  The  border,  composed  of  narrow 
tiles,  is  painted  with  a simple  fret  pattern. 

Faenza,  Italy,  seventeenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’05-110 

62.  PANEL 


Height,  lOjT  inches ; width,  9^4  inches 
The  Virgin  and  Child,  modeled  in  relief,  painted 
with  bright  colors  and  covered  with  lead  glaze, 
over  a coating  of  white  slip,  known  as  “Bianchetto” 
pottery. 

Italy,  eighteenth  century. 

Gift  of  Mrs.  John  W.  Field. 

Museum  No.  ’91-32 

63.  TILE 

Height,  6j4  inches ; width,  5 inches 
Subject,  “The  Entombment”,  modeled  in  relief  and 
brightly  colored.  Covered  with  a coating  of  white 
slip  and  glazed  with  lead.  “Bianchetto”  pottery. 

Italy,  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’99-744 

64.  TILE 


Dimensions,  8 by  8 inches 
Conventional  design  in  colors  and  ruby  luster  on 
white  tin  enameled  ground,  in  Saracenic  style. 

By  Cantagalli,  Florence,  Italy. 

Late  nineteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’97-782 


DUTCH 

65.  TILE 

Dimensions,  5 by  5 inches 
Whitish  sandy  clay,  coated  with  white  slip,  mot- 
tled brown  and  brick  red  and  glazed  with  lead. 
Holland,  eighteenth  century. 

Showing  Spanish  influence  in  treatment. 

Museum  No.  T2-116 


26 


61.  Maiolica  Tile  Panel 
Polychrome  Decoration 
Faenza,  Italy,  Seventeenth  Century 


66.  TILE 


Dimensions,  5 by  5 inches 
Companion  to  preceding,  but  slightly  different  in 
pattern,  the  colored  glaze  being  combed  into  a 
quatrefoil  ornament. 

Holland,  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  T2-115 

67.  DELFT  TILE 

Dimensions,  4J4  by  4J4  inches 
Painted  with  conventional  floral  design  in  colors, 
on  white  tin  enamel  ground. 

Holland,  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’12-1 1 1 

68.  DELFT  TILES  (20) 

Dimensions,  5 by  5 inches 
Painted  in  purple  with  Scriptural  scenes : 

1.  Adam  and  Eve  driven  from  Eden. 

2.  Noah  and  the  Ark. 

3.  Animals  entering  the  Ark. 

4.  Abraham  and  Isaac. 

5.  Jonah  and  the  Whale. 

6.  Moses  and  the  Ten  Commandments. 

7.  Lot’s  Wife  turned  to  Salt. 

8.  Samson  carrying  away  the  Gates  of  the  City. 

9.  The  Prodigal  Son. 

10.  St.  Peter  in  Prison. 

11.  Herod’s  Daughter  receiving  the  Head  of  John 

the  Baptist. 

12.  Christ  in  the  Manger. 

13.  The  Flight  into  Egypt. 

14.  The  Baptism  of  Christ. 

15.  Christ  delivered  to  Pilate. 

16.  Christ’s  Agony  in  the  Garden. 

17.  The  Last  Supper. 

18.  Christ  borne  to  the  Tomb. 

19.  The  Resurrection  of  Christ. 

20.  Christ  appearing  to  Cleopas  after  rising  from 

the  Tomb. 

Holland,  eighteenth  century. 

Bequest  of  Mrs.  Frederic  Graff. 

Museum  No.  ’97-716 


28 


6g.  Lead  Glazed  Tile 
White  Clay  Inlaid  in  Red 
Arms  of  the  Burgh  Family 
England,  Late  Fifteenth  Century 


ENGLISH 

69.  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  6y2  by  6^2  inches 
Square  shape,  arranged  in  lozenge  form,  with  dec- 
oration consisting  of  crudely  executed  arms  of 
the  Burgh  family  of  Gainsborough,  England.  The 
design,  in  white  clay,  has  been  inlaid  in  the  brown 
clay  of  the  tile,  over  which  is  a yellowish  lead 
glaze. 

Decoration  by  means  of  stamped  designs  inlaid 
with  clay  of  a different  color,  was  practised  in 
England  in  the  Middle  Ages.  Such  tiles  were  used 
for  flooring  in  many  of  the  old  English  churches, 
and  in  some  instances  such  tiles  were  manufac- 
tured in  the  vicinity  of  the  buildings  in  which 
they  were  to  be  used. 

England,  late  fifteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  N.  570 

70.  TILE 

Dimensions,  6J2  by  6j4  inches 
Square  shape,  decorated  with  large  heraldic  bird 
in  white  clay,  inlaid  in  the  brown  clay,  over  which 
is  a yellowish  lead  glaze. 

England,  late  fifteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  N.  569 

71.  TILE  (Fragment) 

Decorated  with  rudely  incised  birds  and  covered 
with  dark  brown  lead  glaze.  Encaustic  tiles  with 
scratched  decoration,  in  one  color,  glazed  with 
lead,  antedated  the  inlaid  tiles.  Found  under  the 
chancel  of  St.  John’s  Monastery,  Chester. 

England,  fifteenth  century.  Museum  No.  L.  249 

72.  TILE  (Fragment) 

Incised  decoration,  coated  with  white  slip  and 
glazed  with  lead.  Design  composed  of  parts  of 
circles,  each  enclosing  a rude  figure  of  a bat.  The 
body  is  a coarse,  red  clay. 

From  St.  John’s  Monastery,  Chester,  England, 
fifteenth  century.  Museum  No.  L.  250 


30 


73.  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  5 by  5 inches 
Square  form,  with  transfer-printed  design! — three 
men  in  a boat,  shooting  at  a doe, — surrounded  by 
a rococo  frame,  on  white  tin  enamel  ground,  the 
decoration  being  printed  in  black  above  the  enamel. 
Made  by  Zachariah  Barnes.  Engraved  and  print- 
ed by  Sadler  and  Green. 

Liverpool,  England,  about  1760. 

Museum  No.  ’05-433 

74.  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  5 by  5 inches 
Companion  to  preceding.  Transfer-printed  de- 
sign of  a man  clubbing  wild  geese. 

Liverpool,  England,  about  1760. 

Museum  No.  ’05-432 

75.  TILE  PANEL 

Dimensions,  70  by  42  inches 
Composed  of  sixty  seven-inch  tiles.  Painted  by 
Miss  A.  E.  Black,  England,  1876.  Subject,  “March.” 

Museum  No.  77-240 

76.  TILE  PANEL 

Dimensions  61  by  61  inches 
Painted  in  colors.  Central  square,  Amphitrite  in  her 
chariot  drawn  by  sea  horses.  Surrounded  bv  two 
borders,  the  outer  with  grotesque  birds,  fishes  and 
flowers,  the  next  with  game  and  wild  fowl. 

Bv  Moore  & Gibbs,  England,  1876. 

Museum  No.  76-891 

77.  TILE  PANELS  (6),  IN  FRAME 

Dimensions  of  panels,  11  inches 
Painted  in  colors  by  Miss  A.  E.  Black,  from  designs 
by  E.  J.  Poynter,  A.  R.  A.  Museum  No.  ’76-307-e 

78.  TILE  PANEL 

Height,  40 14  inches  ; width,  24^/g  inches 
Two  panels  in  one  frame,  each  composed  of  five 
tiles.  Subjects,  “Music”  and  “Poetry.” 

From  Centennial  Exhibition. 

By  Moore  & Gibbs,  England,  1876. 

Museum  No.  76-892 

3i 


79.  TILE 


Dimensions,  8 by  8 inches 
Porcelain,  decorated  with  overglaze  painted  figure 
subject  entitled  “Music,”  by  G.  E.  Cook. 

Made  by  Minton,  Hollins  & Co.,  Stoke-on-Trent, 
England. 

Bequest  of  Mrs.  Frederic  Graff. 

Museum  No.  ’97-784 


80.  TILE 

Dimensions,  8 by  8 inches 
Companion  to  preceding.  Subject,  “Poetry.” 
Bequest  of  Mrs.  Frederic  Graff. 

Museum  No.  ’97-785 


81.  TILE 

Dimensions,  8 by  8 inches 
Decorated  with  head  of  Shakespeare  painted  in 
brown.  Belonging  to  same  series  as  preceding. 

Bequest  of  Mrs.  Frederic  Graff. 

Museum  No.  ’97-788 

82.  TILE  PANEL 

Height,  18  inches;  width,  6 inches 
Composed  of  three  six-inch  tiles  painted  with  fig- 
ure of  a woman  gathering  flowers.  Same  series  as 
preceding. 

Bequest  of  Mrs.  Frederic  Graff. 

Museum  No.  ’97-786 


BELGIAN 

83.  TILES  (4) 

Dimensions,  5^4  by  5^4  inches 
Heraldic  designs  in  yellow  clay  inlaid  in  red  clay, 
and  glazed  with  lead. 

Belgium,  seventeenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’08-695 

84.  TILES  (3) 

Dimensions,  5^4  by  5^4  inches 
Designs  in  yellow  clay  inlaid  in  red  clay,  and  glazed 
with  lead  (illustrated). 

Belgium,  seventeenth  century. 

Museum  Nos.  T2-120,  123,  124 


32 


73,  74-  Transfer-printed  Delft  Tiles 

Liverpool,  England,  about  1760 


85.  TILES  (3) 

Dimensions,  5 by  5 inches 

Designs  in  yellow  clay  inlaid  in  red  clay,  and  glazed 
with  lead. 

Belgium,  seventeenth  century. 

Museum  Nos.  ’12-117,  121,  122 

86.  TILE 

Dimensions,  4%  by  4^$  inches 
Design  stamped  and  inlaid  with  white  clay  in  red 
clay,  glazed  with  lead,  touched  with  green. 

Belgium,  sixteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  T2-114 


87.  TILE 

Dimensions,  5%  by  inches 
Design  in  white  clay  inlaid  in  red  clay,  glazed  with 
lead. 

Belgium,  seventeenth  century. 

Museum  No.  T2-119 


88.  TILE 

Dimensions,  4^4  by  4j4  inches 
Design  in  yellow  clay  inlaid  in  red  clay,  covered  with 
a heavy  yellowish  lead  glaze. 

Belgium,  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  T2-118 


GERMAN 

89.  STOVE  TILE 

Length,  12J4  inches ; width,  10^8  inches 
Tin  enameled  pottery,  or  Delft.  Painted  with  figure 
scene  in  blue. 

Nuremberg,  Germany,  mid-eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’82-205 

90.  STOVE  TILE  (CORNER) 

Length,  7p2  inches;  depth,  3l/2  inches 
Tin  enameled  pottery.  Relief  design  of  Tulips  in 
white  on  a dark  blue  ground. 

Hamburg,  or  Luneburg,  Germany,  seventeenth 
century.  Museum  No.  N.  509 


34 


84.  Inlaid  Tiles 
Yellow  Designs  in  Red  Clay 
Belgium,  Seventeenth  Century 


91.  STOVE  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Length,  7^4  inches;  width,  7 inches 
Tin  enameled  pottery.  Relief  design  of  Tulips  in 
white  on  a dark  blue  ground. 

Hamburg,  or  Luneburg,  Germany,  seventeenth 
century.  Museum  No.  ’82-761 


91.  Tin  Enameled  Stove  Tile 
Hamburg,  Germany,  Seventeenth  Century 


92.  STOVE  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Length,  12 y2  inches ; width,  10^4  inches 
Tin  enameled  pottery,  or  Delft.  Painted  with  figure 
scene  in  blue. 

Hamburg,  Germany,  mid-eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’82-208 


36 


9 2.  Tin  Enameled  Stove  Tile 
Hamburg,  Germany,  Eighteenth  Century 


93.  STOVE  TILE 

Length,  nY  inches;  width,  io*4  inches 
Tin  enameled  pottery,  or  Delft.  Painted  with  figure 
scene  in  blue. 

Hamburg,  Germany,  mid-eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’82-209 


94.  STOVE  TILE 

Length,  1 1 inches ; width,  9^8  inches 
Tin  enameled  pottery,  or  Delft.  Painted  with  figure 
scene  in  blue. 

Hamburg,  Germany,  mid-eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’82-206 


37 


95.  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  7^4  by  7^4  inches 
Square  shape,  sgraffito  decoration.  Red  clay  coated 
with  white  slip  touched  with  green  through  which 
the  outlines  and  inscriptions  have  been  scratched. 
Design,  the  figure  of  a man  in  eighteenth  century 
costume,  holding  a drinking  glass  in  his  right  hand. 
Above  is  the  date  “Anno  1794.”  At  the  two  lower 
corners  is  an  inscription  in  German  dialect. 

From  Niederrhein,  Germany. 

Museum  No.  T 0-391 


97.  Tile  Stove  Finial 
Germany,  Eighteenth  Century 


95 , 9^.  Slip  Decorated  Tiles 
Niederrhein,  Germany,  1794 


96.  TILE  (Illustrated) 

Dimensions,  7^4  by  7^4  inches 
Companion  to  preceding.  Design,  a woman  holding 
a broom  in  her  right  hand  and  a glass  (?)  in  her 
left.  Above  is  the  date  “1794,”  while  beneath  the 
figure  is  an  inscription  in  German  dialect. 

From  Niederrhein,  Germany. 

Museum  No.  TO-392 

97.  TILE  FINIAL  (Illustrated) 

Height,  9 inches 

Modeled  figure  of  a seated  lion  holding  a shield. 
Slip-coated  pottery  covered  with  a yellow  lead  glaze. 
Probably  made  for  embellishing  a tile  stove. 
Germany,  eighteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  '82-332 


RUSSIAN 

98.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  six  seven-inch  tiles  in  frame,  decorated 
with  conventional  designs  in  various  patterns  and 
bright  colors,  in  so-called  cuerda  seca  style.  Lead 
glaze. 

Russian.  From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  '76-544 

99.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  eight  nine-inch  tiles  in  frame,  deco- 
rated with  incised  design  filled  in  with  green,  red 
and  blue  on  yellow  ground.  Lead  glazed. 

Russian.  From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  '76-540 


100.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  six  nine-inch  tiles  in  frame  decorated 
in  style  similar  to  preceding. 

Russian.  From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  '76-541 


40 


101.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  four  nine-inch  tiles  in  frame,  deco- 
rated with  conventional  design  in  red,  black  and 
white  on  pale  brown  ground.  Lead  glazed. 

Russian.  From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  ’76-542 

102.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  four  nine-inch  tiles  in  frame,  deco- 
rated with  incised  conventional  design  in  red,  blue, 
yellow,  white  and  black.  Lead  glazed. 

Russian.  From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  ’76-543 

103.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  twenty-four  nine-inch  tiles  in  frame, 
decorated  with  conventional  design  of  scrollwork, 
heraldic  birds  and  urn  in  red,  outlined  with  white, 
on  yellow  ground.  The  work  of  the  students  of  the 
Stroganoff  School.  Lead  glazed. 

Russian.  From  Centennial  Exhibition  of  1876. 

Museum  No.  ’76-539 

AMERICAN 

104.  STOVE  TILE  (Fragment) 

Height,  6 inches;  width,  7}4  inches 
Coarse,  soft  red  clay,  coated  with  hard  white  tin 
enamel.  The  outer  surface  is  curved  and  the  deco- 
ration, in  relief,  appears  to  have  been  stamped  in 
the  clay  before  glazing.  Dug  up  near  the  site  of 
the  old  pottery  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  which  was 
established  by  Dr.  Daniel  Coxe,  the  first  Governor 
of  New  Jersey,  in  1685.  Believed  to  be  an  example 
of  the  “white  chiney  ware”  made  there  in  the  seven- 
teenth century  (see  “Pottery  and  Porcelain  of  the 
United  States,”  page  54).  Museum  No.  ’01-180 


4i 


104.  Tin  Enameled  Tile 
Burlington,  N.  J.,  Seventeenth  Century  (?) 

105.  ROOFING  TILE  (Tegula) 

Length,  15  inches;  width,  6^4  inches 
Rectangular  form,  rounded  at  one  end,  having 
grooves  on  the  upper  side,  and  a knob  on  under 
side  for  hanging  to  a rafter.  Made  of  common  red 
clay,  unglazed,  and  used  extensively  in  central 
Europe  and  in  Pennsylvania  in  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury. Called  “Beaver  Tail,”  “Germanic,”  “Flem- 
ish” and  “Flat”  tile. 

From  roof  of  a barn  built  at  Nazareth,  Pa.,  in 
1744.  Gift  of  Mr.  Ethan  Allen  Weaver. 

Museum  No.  ’95-113 

106.  RIDGE  TILE  (Imbrex) 

Length,  15 y2  inches;  width,  7 inches 
Common  red  clay,  unglazed.  Curled  in  half  cylin- 
drical form,  for  covering  the  ridge  of  a sloping 
roof.  From  same  source  as  preceding. 

Museum  No.  ’95-112 

107.  ROOFING  TILES  (3) 

Length,  15  inches;  width,  6^4  inches 
Same  as  above.  Eastern  Pennsylvania,  1740-1800. 

Museum  Nos.  ’92-56-58 


42 


108.  PAINTED  TILE 

Dimensions,  6^4  by  6 inches 
Octagonal  shape,  yellow  clay,  glazed  with  lead. 
Painted  design  in  underglaze  and  enamel  colors, — 
a green  vine  on  a buff  ground,  with  a red  centre 
outlined  in  black. 

By  Hyzer  & Lewellen,  Philadelphia,  about  1870. 

The  first  of  the  kind  made  in  the  United  States. 

Museum  No.  ’92-211 

109.  PAINTED  TILE 

Length,  6 inches ; width,  3}4  inches 
Lozenge  shape,  yellow  clay.  Decoration  painted  in 
black  on  a lemon-colored  ground,  glazed  with  lead. 

By  Hyzer  & Lewellen,  Philadelphia,  about  1870. 

Museum  No.  ’92-141 

110.  INLAID  TILE 

Dimensions,  6 by  3y2  inches 
Lozenge  shape.  Conventional  design  in  dark  red 
clay  inlaid  in  buff  clay,  glazed  with  lead. 

By  Hyzer  & Lewellen,  Philadelphia,  about  1870. 

Museum  No.  ’92-143 

111.  MANTEL  TILE 

Dimensions,  6 by  6 inches 
Conventional  floral  decoration  in  low  relief,  un- 
glazed. 

By  Hyzer  & Lewellen,  Philadelphia,  about  1870. 

Museum  No.  ’92-135 

112.  MANTEL  TILE 

Dimensions,  6 by  6 inches 
Companion  to  preceding,  but  slightly  different  in 
design.  Museum  No.  ’92-136 

113.  TILE 

Dimensions,  6 by  6 inches 
One  of  a mantel  set  illustrating  the  old  ballad 
“Isaac  Abbott,”  painted  by  Mr.  E.  P.  Cranch  at 
the  Rookwood  Pottery,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  about 
1888.  These  tiles  are  of  white  stoneware,  the  deco- 
ration being  painted  underglaze  in  black,  or  brown, 


43 


in  a quaintly  humorous  style.  Mr.  Cranch  was  a 
prominent  lawyer  of  Cincinnati,  and  a clever  artist, 
and  was  connected  with  Rookwood  from  the  begin- 
ning until  his  death  in  1892,  at  the  age  of  eighty- 
three.  Subject,  “To  Bed  in  a Warm  Room.” 
Given  by  Mr.  W.  W.  Taylor. 

Museum  No  ’93-285 


114.  TILE 

Dimensions,  646  by  inches 
Square  shape.  Begonia  leaf  in  high  relief,  covered 
with  brown  glaze. 

Made  and  given  by  H.  R.  Mitchell,  of  the  Park 
Porcelain  Works,  Philadelphia,  in  1884. 

Museum  No.  ’84-71 


115.  TILE 

Length,  5^  inches;  width,  4%  inches 
In  form  of  the  upper  shell  of  a turtle,  moulded  from 
life ; covered  with  a mottled  brown  glaze. 

Made  and  given  by  H.  R.  Mitchell,  of  the  Park 
Porcelain  Works,  Philadelphia,  in  1884. 

Museum  No.  ’84-83 


116.  TILE 

Length,  5^g  inches;  width,  4 ^ inches 
A duplicate  of  the  preceding. 

Museum  No.  ’84-82 


117.  TILE 

Dimensions,  3%  by  3%  inches 
Square  form,  hard  paste  porcelain.  Underglaze 
decoration  in  blue  and  green. 

Union  Porcelain  Works,  Greenpoint,  N.  Y., 
about  1875.  Museum  No.  ’92-188 


118.  TILES  (In  Frames) 

Lustered  by  the  process  of  the  late  Mr.  Edward 
Lycett,  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  which  he  claimed  to  be 
similar  to  that  used  by  the  Persians. 

American,  late  nineteenth  century. 

T f '92-20-23 
Museum  NosT  ^ 245 


44 


119.  TILES  (15) 

Portrait  heads,  modeled  in  relief,  and  covered  with 
colored  glazes. 

Made  by  Low  Art  Tile  Co.,  Chelsea,  Mass. 

Late  nineteenth  century. 

’93-30-40 

Museum  Nos.i  ’93-344 

[’93-345,  345a-347 

120.  TILES 

Two  panels  in  frame;  one  glazed  in  green,  dull 
finish  glaze ; one  in  bright  yellow  glaze. 

Made  by  the  Beaver  Falls  Art  Tile  Co.,  Beaver 
Falls,  Pa. 

Late  nineteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’02-22 


121.  TILES  (23) 

Designs  of  heads,  etc.,  modeled  in  relief  and  cov- 
ered with  colored  glazes. 

Made  by  the  Beaver  Falls  Art  Tile  Co. 

Late  nineteenth  century. 

f ’92-246,  246c 
Museum  Nos.  < ’93-41 

[’94-227-246 

122.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  three  tiles  each  eighteen  by  nine  inches, 
with  Bacchanalian  scene  in  relief,  the  same  unglazed, 
dull  glazed  and  highly  glazed. 

Made  by  the  Trent  Tile  Co.,  Trenton,  N.  J.,  1892. 

Museum  No.  319 


123.  TILES  (5) 

Figure  and  floral  subjects  modeled  in  relief  and 
highly  glazed  in  different  colors. 

M'ade  by  the  Beaver  Falls  Art  Tile  Co. 

Late  nineteenth  century. 

Museum  Nos.  ’94-247-251 


45 


124.  TILES  (20) 

Various  designs  and  patterns  modeled  in  relief, 
glazed  in  different  tints,  some  being  treated  by  the 
sand  blast  process  to  produce  contrasts  of  bright 
and  dull  glaze. 

Made  by  the  Beaver  Falls  Art  Tile  Co.  and  the 
American  Encaustic  Tiling  Co.,  of  Zanesville,  Ohio. 
Late  nineteenth  century. 

r 93-324-331 
Museum  NosC  ’93-332-341 
[’93-343 


125.  TILE  PANEL 


Consisting  of  thirty-six  six-inch  tiles  with  large 
head  of  Grecian  woman  inlaid  in  colored  clays  in 
centre.  Imitation  of  mosaic  work. 

Made  by  the  Mosaic  Tile  Co.,  Zanesville,  Ohio. 
Late  nineteenth  century. 

Museum  No.  ’95-94 


126.  TILE  PANEL 

Consisting  of  forty-nine  six-inch  tiles  with  design 
of  the  Haidah  Thunder  Bird  inlaid  in  colored  clays, 
surrounded  by  a border  pattern. 

By  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’95-93 


127.  TILE  PANEL 

Consisting  of  twenty-four  six-inch  tiles  with  fleur- 
de-lis  design  inlaid  in  colored  clays. 

By  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’95-96 


128.  TILE  PANEL 

Consisting  of  sixteen  six-inch  tiles  with  grapevine 
pattern  inlaid  in  colored  clays. 

By  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’95-95 


129.  TILE  PANEL 

Relief  designs,  heraldic  style,  glazed  in  blue. 

Made  by  Mr.  Henry  C.  Mercer,  Doylestown, 
Pa.  at  the  Moravian  Pottery  and  Tile  Works, 
Doylestown,  Pa.  Museum  No.  ’04-154 


46 


130.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  small  square  tiles  with  impressed 
designs  of  three-towered  castles  and  fleur-de-lis 
in  blue  and  yellow  glaze,  after  old  Spanish 
stamped  tiles  of  the  thirteenth  century. 

Made  by  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’04-150 

131.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  six  tiles  with  impressed  designs 
after  the  antique. 

Made  by  the  same. 

Museum  No.  ’04-152 

132.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  two  tiles  and  bricks,  after  the  an- 
tique. 

Made  by  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’04-153 

133.  TILE  PANEL 

Composed  of  twelve  tiles  in  frame,  with  impress- 
ed designs  of  conventionalized  animals,  after  the 
antique. 

Made  by  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’04-151 

134.  TILE  PANEL 

Consisting  of  central  tile  with  relief  design,  after 
an  old  German  stove  tile  design,  surrounded  by 
bricks,  blue  and  green  glaze. 

Made  by  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’04-155 

135.  TILE  PANEL 

Consisting  of  glazed  tile  with  relief  design,  after 
the  antique ; and  a red  unglazed  terra  cotta  panel 
with  figure  of  an  ancient  Roman  in  relief. 

Made  by  the  same.  Museum  Nos.  ’04-156-157 


47 


136.  TILE  PANEL 

Dimensions,  25  by  24  inches 
The  figure  of  an  elk,  composed  of  mosaic  designs 
of  burned  clay  laid  in  cement. 

Made  by  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’04-158 

137.  TILE-WORK 

Dimensions,  110  by  48  inches 
Consisting  of  one  hundred  and  fifty-seven  tiles, 
with  relief  tulip  design,  border  design  and  in- 
scription, in  various  colors  of  glaze.  Motives 
taken  from  the  old  cast  iron  stove  plates  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Germans.  Central  device  composed 
of  four  9-inch  tiles,  copied  from  a stove  plate 
bearing  date  1756. 

Made  by  the  same.  Museum  No.  ’00-32 


Printed 

At  the  Sign  of  the  Ivy  Leaf  in  Sansom  Street 
Philadelphia 


